Prabowo Subianto, in his book “Military Leadership Notes from Experience,” discusses the fierce battle that took place in Surabaya on November 10, 1945, where the people, especially the youths, refused to surrender to the ultimatums issued by the British forces. Bung Tomo, a central and influential figure during this battle, played a crucial role in motivating and leading the youth to fight for and defend Surabaya.
Bung Tomo’s speech, broadcast on RRI Surabaya, was a powerful message that fired up the spirit of the people to resist the British forces. In his speech, Bung Tomo defiantly rejected the ultimatum, declaring that the Indonesian people would rather perish than be colonized. The iconic words “Merdeka atau Mati” (free or perish) became a rallying cry for the people of Surabaya in their fight for independence.
The bravery and resilience shown by the people of Surabaya during this battle earned them the title of “City of Heroes.” Despite heavy casualties, they continued to fight courageously, refusing to surrender to the superior forces of the British Army. Bung Tomo’s leadership and oratory skills played a significant role in inspiring and unifying the people during this critical moment in Indonesian history.
Overall, the story of Surabaya’s resistance against the British forces serves as a powerful reminder of the spirit of independence and determination that has shaped Indonesia as a nation. The sacrifices made by the people of Surabaya in the face of overwhelming odds have left a lasting legacy of courage and patriotism that continues to inspire generations of Indonesians today.
